Android second lecture

 For making any program in android, their are 3 requirements:

1) Eclipse

2) JDK- Java development kit

3) Android SDK- Software development kit.

Note-Install all of the above in your system.
Note- Eclipse screen has two parts- work space and work area.

For writing a program in android what we need to do is as follows:

1) Open Eclipse
2)  Go to File> New> Android Project.

3) A Screen gets open- as follows:

4) Now give the name of your project:

For Example: SampleAndroidApplication

5) Click on next.

6) A screen gets opened from where you have to select version-as follows:

Note-If you select an older version (say- Android 2.1) then it will work on latest one too(like Android 4.0) but the vice versa may  not be possible.

7) Click on next and the following screen appears:

8) Write package name here: syntax: com.(name of your company).(name of your project)

For Example: com.sharable.SampleAndroidApplication

9) Click on Finish.

10) You are ready to write your program.

Android first lecture

About Android

Answer: Android is a linux based operating system*. 

History of Android: Android was founded in Palo Alto, California in October 2003 by:

1) Andy Rubin (co-founder of Danger),

2) Rich Miner (co-founder of Wildfire Communications, Inc.), 

3) Nick Sears (once VP at T-Mobile), and

4) Chris White (headed design and interface development at WebTV)

Android was founded to develop, in Rubin's words: "smarter mobile devices that are more aware of its owner's location and preferences".

Description of Android:

     Android 4.4.2 home screen

Company / developer	Google Open Handset Alliance
Written in	C (core), C++,Java (UI)
OS family	Unix-like
Working state	Current
Source model	Open source and in most devices withproprietarycomponents
Initial release	September 23, 2008
Latest release	4.4.3 KitKat / June 2, 2014
Marketing target	Smartphones Tablet computers
Available in	Multi-lingual (46 languages)
Package manager	Google Play, APK
Supported platforms	32-bit ARM, MIPS,x86
Kernel* type	Monolithic (modified Linux kernel)
Userland	Bionic libc, mkshshell, native core utilities with a few fromNetBSD
Default user interface	Graphical (Multi-touch)
License	Apache License 2.0 Modified Linux kernelunder GNU GPL v2
Official website	www.android.com

*Operating System: It is an intermediate between hardware and software.

*Kernel: It is a computer program that manages input/output requests from software & translates them into data processing instructions for the central processing unit(CPU) & other electronic components of a computer.

Kernel connects the application software to the hardware of a computer.

When a computer program makes request of a kernel,

the request is called system call.

    Features of Kernel:

1. Kernel is a central core of a computer operating system.
2. Kernel has complete control over everything that occur in the system
3. It does not interact directly with the user,but rather interacts with the shell and other programs as well as with hardware devices on the system, including the processor,memory & disk drives.
4. Kernel is the first part of the operating system to load into memory during booting. 

• Why Android is a linux based operating system?

Answer: 

1. Linux is an open source.
2. It is secure.
3. Android uses kernel of Linux